World Enivironmental Issues Brief

  • LARGE AREAS SUBJECT TO OVERPOPULATION
  • INDUSTRIAL DISASTERS
  • POLLUTION (air, water, acid rain, toxic substances)
  • LOSS OF VEGETATION (overgrazing, deforestation, desertification)
  • LOSS OF WILDLIFE
  • SOIL DEGRADATION
  • SOIL DEPLETION
  • EROSION
  • GLOBAL WARMING

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Global Issues Snapshots

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Brazil

— Current Environmental Issues —
deforestation in Amazon Basin destroys the habitat and endangers a multitude of plant and animal species indigenous to the area; there is a lucrative illegal wildlife trade; air and water pollution in Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, and several other large cities; land degradation and water pollution caused by improper mining activities; wetland degradation; severe oil spills

— Health Indicators —
HIV / AIDS prevalancy rate: 0.7
Fertility Rate: 1.9
Infant Mortality Rate: 27.6
Life Expectancy at Birth: Male: 68.3
Life Expectancy at Birth: Female: 76.0
Life Expectancy at Birth: Total Population: 72.2

— Population —
Population Total: 190,010,647
Population Growth Rate: 1.0

— Economic Indicators —
GDP Real Growth Rate: 2.8
Military Expendatures Percent of GDP: 2.6
Unemployment Rate: 9.6
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.0
GDP Per Capita PPP: 8,600
Population Below Poverty Line: 31
    (Definitions of poverty vary considerably among nations.)

— Education and Communications —
Global Issues Snapshots
Global Issues Snapshots
Bordering country: Argentina
Bordering country: Bolivia
Bordering country: Colombia
Bordering country: Guyana
Bordering country: Paraguay
Bordering country: Peru
Bordering country: Suriname
Bordering country: Uruguay
Bordering country: Venezuela

— Background —
Following three centuries under the rule of Portugal, Brazil became an independent nation in 1822 and a republic in 1889. By far the largest and most populous country in South America, Brazil overcame more than half a century of military intervention in the governance of the country when in 1985 the military regime peacefully ceded power to civilian rulers. Brazil continues to pursue industrial and agricultural growth and development of its interior. Exploiting vast natural resources and a large labor pool, it is today South Americas leading economic power and a regional leader. Highly unequal income distribution remains a pressing problem.